Nuclear Charge, Generally due to increase in nuclear charge, electrostatic force of attraction increases, The first risc ionization energies of an element E are as follows:
3) Nuclear Charge: Generally due to increase in nuclear charge, electrostatic force of attraction increases between protons and electrons as a result I.E increases. But only simply increase in number of protons or increased in nuclear charge is not significant. Actually effective or net nuclear charge is important e.g; In case of lithium its nuclear charge is +3, as there protons are present in the nucleus but two protons are screened two electrons present in the first shell, hence only+1 charge has effect on valance electron. Thus total nuclear charge in lithium is +3 but net or effective nuclear charge is +1. This effective nuclear charge increases across the period because no of protons increase in the nucleus but no of electrons increases in the same shell hence shielding or screwing effect remains constant. Q. The first risc ionization...